Oxidative stress biomarkers and metal concentrations in selected tissues of grass snake (Natrix natrix) and dice snake (Natrix tessellata) from Obedska bara and Pančevački rit

[J. P. Gavrić]

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Biologija - Fiziologija / Biology - Physiology

Ekotoksikološka istraživanja su značajna zbog činjenice da mogu imati praktičnu primenu u zaštiti životne sredine. Semiakvatične vrste zmija konstantno su izložene dejstvu kompleksa različitih ekoloških faktora kako u vodenoj tako i u terestričnoj sredini. Zmije su dugoživeći organizmi, nalaze se na vrhu lanca ishrane, imaju manji radijus kretanja u odnosu na većinu ptica i sisara i to ih čini idealnim model organizmima za praćenje efekta izloženosti različitim vrstama ksenobiotika u prirodnim uslovima. Metali predstavljaju najrasprostranjeniju grupu zagađivača. Zbog svoje toksičnosti, biomagnifikacije duž lanca ishrane, kao i bioloških efekata koje izazivaju predstavljaju neizostavnu kariku u ekotoksikološkim istraživanjima. Cilj ove doktorske disertacije bio je da se ispita sezonska dinamika biomarkera oksidacionog stresa, uticaj metala prisutnih u životnoj sredini kao i njihova bioakumulacija u nekim tkivima Natrix natrix (belouška) i Natrix tessellata (ribarica) sa područja Specijalnog rezervata prirode Obedska bara i industrijske zone Pančevački rit, u periodu pre i posle hibernacije. U krvi, jetri, bubregu, mišiću i masnom tkivu su analizirane enzimske komponente sistema zaštite od oksidacionih oštećenja: aktivnost ukupne, mangan i bakar cink sadržavajuće superoksid-dismutaze (Uk SOD, Mn SOD, CuZn SOD), katalaze (CAT), glutation-peroksidaze (GSH-Px) i glutation-reduktaze (GR). Ispitivane su i neenzimske komponente sistema zaštite od oksidacionih oštećenja: koncentracija glutationa (GSH) i slobodnih sulfhidrilnih grupa (SH). Takođe su analizirani: biohemijski pokazatelj oksidacionih oštećenja (TBARS), enzim faze I biotransformacije: citohrom P4501A (CYP1A), enzim faze II biotransformacije: glutation-S-transferaza (GST), biomarkeri izloženosti metalima (metalotioneini) i biomarker neurotoksičnosti (ChE). U vodi i tkivima (jetri i mišiću) analizirani su alkalni (Li, K) zemnoalkalni (Ba, Ca, Mg), prelazni (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn), slabi (Al, Pb) metali kao i metaloid As...

Ecotoxicological studies are important due to the fact they can have a practical application in environmental protection. Semiaquatic snakes are continuously exposed to various complex environmental factors both in aquatic and terrestrial environment. They are long-living organisms, on the top of the food chain, with smaller movement radius compared to most birds and mammals, which makes them ideal model organisms for monitoring effects of exposure to different types of xenobiotics in natural conditions. Metals are the most widespread group of pollutants. Due to their toxicity, biomagnification along the food chain, as well as biological effects they cause, they represent indispensable link in ecotoxicological research. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to examine seasonal dynamics of oxidative stress biomarkers, the impact of metals present in the environment, as well as their bioaccumulation in some tissues of Natrix natrix (Grass snake) and Natrix tessellata (Dice snake) from Special Nature Reserve sites, Obedska bara and Pančevački rit, industrial zone, for periods before and after hibernation. In blood, liver, kidney, muscle and adipose tissue, enzyme components of system protection against oxidative damage were analyzed: activities of total, manganese and copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Tot SOD, Mn SOD, CuZn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR), non-enzymatic components of system protection against oxidative damage: concentration of glutathione (GSH) and free sulfhydryl groups (SH), biochemical indicator of oxidative damage (TBARS), phase I biotransformation enzyme: cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), phase II biotransformation enzyme: glutathione- S-transferase (GST), biomarkers of exposure to metals, metallothionein and activity of cholinesterase (ChE), neurotoxicity biomarker. In water, liver and muscle tissues, alkaline (Li, K), alkaline earth metal (Ba, Ca, Mg), transient (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn), weak (Al, Pb ) metals and metalloid As were analyzed...

biomarkeri oksidacionog steresa, semiakvatične zmije, metali, Obedska bara, Pančevački rit

oxidative stress biomarkers, semiaquatic snakes, metals, Obedska bara, Pančevački rit

591.5:598.115.31(497.11)(043.3)

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