Development and implementation of the instrument for assessing frequency and difficulty of ethical issues encountered in the community pharmacy setting in Serbia

[T. D. Crnjanski]

188 listova

Farmacija - Socijalna farmacija i istraživanje farmaceutske prakse / Pharmacy - Social pharmacy and research onthe pharmaceutical practice

Farmaceuti danas rade u uslovima intenzivnog tehnološkog, informatičkog i biomedicinskog napretka koji njihovom profesionalnom radu donose nove etičke izazove. Etička pitanja su neizbežno povezana sa farmaceutskom praksom i mnogi problemi koji se javljaju prilikom pružanja farmaceutskih usluga mogu da sadrže etičku komponentu. Farmaceuti rešavaju etička pitanja u situacijama kada se od njih zahteva da donesu odluku koja će imati direktno ili indirektno uticaja na prava i/ili dobrobit drugih ljudi (pacijenta, kolega, i sl.). Pružanje farmaceutske zdravstvene zaštite se obavlja u intersekciji etičkih, profesionalnih i zakonskih propisa. Takođe, mnoge situacije iz svakodnevne farmaceutske prakse, koje uključuju etičko pitanje, pored profesionalnog rasuđivanja i procene uključuju i razmatranja o vrednostima, pravima i odgovornostima. Iako su empirijska istraživanja o etičkoj orijentaciji kod farmaceuta veoma malo prisutna u literarnom korpusu, većina studija pokazala je da se u osnovi etosa farmaceutske profesije nalaze dva najstarija etička principa, ne naškoditi i dobročinstvo, kao i briga o zaštiti prava pacijenata. Iz prethodnih studija je poznato da su etička pitanja s kojima se suočavaju farmaceuti povezana sa kršenjem zakona, alokacijom resursa, komunikacijom sa pacijentima i timskim radom sa ostalim zdravstvenim radnicima. U ovim istraživanjima pokazano je da su farmaceuti demonstrirali svesnost kada se radi o etičkim pitanjima iz svakodnevnog rada, ali za razliku od drugih zdravstvenih radnika, koristili su pristup zdravog razuma i posvećenost zakonskim i profesionalnim obavezama, u većoj meri nego normativne principe ili Etički kodeks. Broj validiranih instrumenata za izvođenje empirijske analize u profesionalnoj farmaceutskoj etici je limitiran. S obzirom da raste broj etičkih pitanja sa kojima se susreću farmaceuti, javlja potreba za njihovim istraživanjem u uslovima javnih apoteka...

Intensive technological, informational and biomedical progress bring novel ethical challenges to work surroundings of today`s pharmacists. Ethical issues are inevitably connected to the practice of pharmacy, and they comprise all the problems that arise when providing pharmacy services which might have an ethical component. Pharmacists deal with and resolve ethical issues in situations when they are required to make decisions which would have a direct or indirect impact on the rights and/or wellbeing of other people (patients, colleagues, etc.). Therefore, the delivery of pharmacists’ services must be performed at the meeting point of ethical, professional and legal regulations. In addition, many situations in the pharmaceutical practice comprise considerations of values, rights and responsibilities as well. In contrast to other areas of healthcare, relatively little is known about the application of these principles to ethical issues related to a pharmacy practice, and which pharmacists must deal with in their everyday work. Although the empirical findings of the ethical orientation among pharmacists are scanty and most studies indicate that the core ethos underlying the pharmacy profession comprises: best interest of patients (patient welfare) and patient rights. Based on some previous studies, it has been known that ethical issues faced by pharmacists are related to violations of rules and regulations, resource allocation, patient communication, and teamwork with other health professionals. Those studies have shown that pharmacists demonstrate awareness when it comes to ethical issues in their everyday work. However, in contrast to other health workers, they have used the approach of the common sense and the commitment to legal and professional obligations to a greater extent than the normative principles or the Code of Ethics. The number of validated instruments for performing an empirical analysis in professional pharmaceutical ethics has been limited. Given the growing number of ethical issues faced by pharmacists, the need has arisen for their research within the community pharmacies` setting...

etička pitanja, farmaceutska etika, farmaceutska praksa, profesionalne vrednosti, validacija

ethical issues, pharmacy ethics, pharmacy practice, professional values, validation

615.15:[615.014:172/174(497.11)(043.3)

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