Influence of different concentrations of arsenic(III) in drinking water

[A. J. Birinji]

64, [8] str.

Biologija - Biologija ćelija i tkiva / Biology - Biology of cells and tissues

Prisustvo arsena u vodi za piće u koncentraciji iznad dozvoljenih vrednosti u Vojvodini postoji već duži niz godina. Zabrana upotrebe vode za piće u Zrenjaninu je na snazi od 2004. godine, međutim voda sa česme se upotrebljava za sve druge potrebe, ne postoji regulativa koja zabranjuje upotrebu takve vode i za životinje. Arsen ulazi u lanac ishrane, što se negativno odražava na zdravlje ljudi. Istraživanje uticaja arsena u vodi za piće, u koncentraciji koja je ekvivalentna koncentraciji arsena izmerenoj u vodovodnoj mreži opštine Zrenjanin, na reproduktivne sposobnosti, je vršeno na ženkama miševa, kao animalnom modelu. Efekat je praćen tokom tri uzastopne generacije. Hronično izlaganje arsenu(III) u vodi za piće u primenjenim koncentracijama se negativno odrazilo na organizam, i pored odsustva simptoma trovanja. Pokazano je da arsen(III) u ispitivanoj koncentraciji predstavlja snažan endokrini ometač, jer smanjuje nivo reproduktivnih hormona, dovodeći do smanjenja prosečnog broja mladunaca po ženki miševa u leglu. Analiza količine deponovanog ukupnog arsena(III) u organima ženki miševa, je pokazala najveće prisustvo u bubrezima, jetri, jajnicima i mozgu. Analiza kumulativnog efekta arsena kroz tri generacije, pokazala je da je najveća količina arsena zabeležena u trećoj generaciji druge ogledne grupe. Po prvi put je pokazano da kumulativni efekat arsena tokom tri uzastopne generacije između dve eksperimentalne grupe, izaziva značajne promene u dinamici razvića folikula, njihovom broju kao i broju žutih tela. Različito lokalizovani estrogeni receptori sugerisali su da arsen značajno utiče na reprodukciju. Registrovni mikronukleusi, su pokazali da arsen u ispitivanoj koncentraciji dovodi do hromozomskih aberacija, i da ima genotoksični efekat. Značaj ovog istraživanja je što je po prvi put analizairano kumulativno, štetno, dejstvo arsena na tri uzastopne generacije. Rezultati ove studije mogu da ukažu da hronično izlaganje uticaju arsena u koncentraciji koja je izmerena u vodovodnoj mreži u Banatu, potencijalno može da ima negativan uticaj na reproduktivni kapacitet životinja i ljudi.

The presence of arsenic in drinking water in concentrations above the permitted levels in Vojvodina has existed for many years. The ban on the use of drinking water in Zrenjanin has been in force since 2004, however tap water is used for all other needs, there is no regulation prohibiting the use of such water for animals. Arsenic enters the food chain, which has a negative impact on human health. Studies on the influence of arsenic in drinking water in a concentration corresponding to the arsenic concentration measured in the water supply network of the municipality of Zrenjanin on reproductive capacity were carried out on female mice as an animal model. The effect was followed over three successive generations. Chronic exposure to arsenic(III) in drinking water at the applied concentrations had a negative effect on the organism, although no symptoms of intoxication occurred. Arsenic(III) has been shown to be a potent endocrine disruptor at the concentration studied, as it lowers levels of reproductive hormones, leading to a reduction in the average number of pups per female mouse in the litter. Analysis of the amount of deposited total arsenic(III) in the organs of female mice showed the highest presence in the kidneys, liver, ovaries and brain. The analysis of the cumulative effect of arsenic over three generations showed that the highest amount of arsenic was found in the third generation of the second experimental group. It has been shown for the first time that the cumulative effect of arsenic over three consecutive generations between two experimental groups causes significant changes in the dynamics of follicle development, their number and the number of corpora lutea. Differently localized estrogen receptors indicate that arsenic significantly impairs reproduction. The registration of micronuclei showed that arsenic in the tested concentration leads to chromosome aberrations and has a genotoxic effect. The significance of this study lies in the fact that it is the first time that the cumulative, harmful effect of arsenic on three successive generations has been analyzed. The results of this study may indicate that chronic exposure to arsenic at the concentration measured in the water supply network in Banat may potentially have a negative impact on the reproductive capacity of animals and humans.

miševi, arsen(III)- oksid, deponovanje arsena, hormoni, estrogeni receptori

mice, arsenic(III)- oxide, arsenic deposition, hormones, estrogen receptors

577.175.6:615.9(043.3)

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