Lampenflora and seasonal dynamics of biofilms in selected tourist caves in Serbia

[N. Nikolić]

148 str.

Biologija - Algologija i mikologija / Biology - Algology and mycology

eukariotskih algi iz odabranih turističkih pećina Srbije, iz biofilma u ulaznoj zoni pećina i lampenflore, kroz tri sezone (proleće, leto, jesen). Ekološki parametri su u ulaznoj zoni pećina bili pod uticajem faktora spoljašnje sredine, dok su u pećini bili relativno stabilni. Odstupanja u vrednostima su posledica pozicije mesta uzorkovanja, sezone, veličine pećinskog ulaza, morfologije pećine, karakteristika mikrostaništa. Neorganska materija je dominirala u većini uzoraka, dok su udeli organske materije i vode bili viši u dobro razvijenim i želatinoznim biofilmovima, u kojima je takođe određena viša koncentracija hlorofila a. Ukupno je zabeleženo 179 taksona iz razdela Cyanobacteria (cijanobakterije), Chlorophyta (zelene alge) i Bacillariophyta (silikatne alge): najviše u Stopića (116), a najmanje u Lazarevoj pećini (23). U razdelima se izdvajaju sledeći rodovi: Cyanobacteria – Aphanothece, Chroococcus, Gloeocapsa, Leptolyngbya, Phormidium, Scytonema; Chlorophyta – Chlorella, Klebsormidium, Stichococcus; Bacillariophyta – Humidophila. Cyanobacterije su dominirale u ulaznoj zoni pećina, a zelene alge u uzorcima lampenflore. Cyanobacterije pozitivno korelišu sa temperaturom vazduha, silikatne alge sa relativnom vlažnošću i intenzitetom svetlosti i zelene alge sa relativnom vlažnošću vazduha. Iz Lazareve pećine je izolovana zelena alga Chlorella sp., koja je u laboratorijskim uslovima tretirana sa tri biocida (vodonik-peroksid, komercijalni algicid i jedinjenje na bazi hlora), od kojih je najveću efikasnost imalo jedinjenje na bazi hlora.

The focus of this PhD thesis was the analysis of phototrophic, aerophytic communities of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae from selected tourist caves in Serbia, including biofilms from the cave entrances and lampenflora from the inside of the caves, over three seasons (spring, summer, autumn). Ecological parameters at the entrance were influenced by the external climate, while they remained relatively stable inside the cave. The variations in values are due to the sampling locations, season, size of the cave entrance, cave morphology, and characteristics of the microhabitats. Inorganic compounds predominated in most samples, while the proportions of organic matter and water were higher in well-developed and gelatinous biofilms, in which higher concentrations of chlorophyll a were also determined. A total of 179 from Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta (green algae) and Bacillariophyta (diatoms) divisions were recorded, the highest in Stopića (116) and the lowest in Lazar’s (23) caves. In the divisions, the following genera are highlighted: Cyanobacteria – Aphanothece, Chroococcus, Gloeocapsa, Gloeothece, Leptolyngbya, Phormidium, Scytonema; Chlorophyta – Chlorella, Klebsormidium, Stichoccocus; Bacillariophyta – Humidophila. Cyanobacteria were predominant at the cave entrances, while green algae in lampenflora samples. Cyanobacteria positevely corelate with the air temperature, diatoms with relative humidity and light intensity, and green algae with relative humidity. The green algae Chlorella sp., isolated from Lazar’s Cave were treated with three biocides (hydrogen-peroxide, commercial algaecide and chlorine-based solution) under laboratory condition, with the chlorine-based solution being the most effective.

aerofitske cijanobakterije, aerofitske eukariotske alge, biofilm, biocidi, Chlorella sp., lampenflora, turističke pećine

aerophytic cyanobacteria, aerophytic eucaryotic algae, biofilm, biocides, Chlorella sp., lampenflora, tourist caves

582.27:581.9(497.1)(043.3)

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