Development and application of LC-MS/MS method for analysis of organic UV filters and risk assessment due to their presence in different matrices

[J. D. Stojaković]

95 str.

Inženjerstvo zaštite životne sredine / Environmental Engineering

UV filteri predstavljaju aktivne supstance u kozmetičkim proizvodima za zaštitu od sunčevog zračenja. Rasprostranjenost ovih supstanci u životnoj sredini dovela je do porasta interesovanja javnosti usled njihovih potencijalno negativnih uticaja na zdravlje ljudi i negativnih bioloških dejstava na vodene organizme. U okviru ove doktorske disertacije razvijene su i validirane hromatografske metode za analizu UV filtera u cilju procene rizika usled njihovog prisustva u vodi i kozmetičkim proizvodima. Istraživanja su obuhvatila razvoj hromatografskih metoda, validaciju razvijenih metoda, optimizaciju tehnika pripreme uzoraka, analizu uzoraka kao i procenu rizika usled prisustva ovih jedinjenja u različitim matricama. Primenom razvijene i validirane, metode tečne hromatografije u komercijalnim kremama za zaštitu od sunčevog zračenja identifikovani su oktokrilen, etilheksil metoksicinamat, etilheksil salicilat i homosalat. Na osnovu detektovanih koncentracija UV filtera u kozmetičkim proizvodima procenjen je zdravstveni rizik, kao i zbirni zdravstveni rizik usled prisustva više UV filtera u istom proizvodu. U drugom delu istraživanja, primenom optimizovane tehnike pripreme uzoraka i LC/MS-MS metode dobijena je metoda sa granicom detekcije u opsegu od 0,1 do 5 μg/L i relativnom standardnom devijacijom ne većom od 19%. Ovako razvijena metoda korišćena je za određivanje sadržaja 11 UV filtera u Savskom jezeru (Ada Ciganlija). Na osnovu izmerenih koncentracija zaključeno je da prisustvo UV filtera, njihova distribucija i potencijalni ekološki i zdravstveni rizik u velikoj meri zavise od rekreativnih aktivnosti koje se odvijaju na jezeru.

UV filters are active substances in cosmetic products that provide protection against solar radiation. Due to their increasing presence in the environment, public interest has grown, particularly regarding their potential adverse effects on human health and harmful biological impacts on aquatic organisms. This doctoral dissertation focuses on developing and validating of chromatographic methods for the analysis of UV filters, aimed at assessing risks associated with their presence in water and cosmetic products. The research involved the development and validation of chromatographic methods, optimization of sample preparation techniques, sample analysis, and risk assessment for these compounds across different matrices. Using the newly developed liquid chromatography method, the UV filters octocrylene, 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate, ethylhexyl salicylate, and homosalate were detected in commercial sunscreens. Health risks were assessed based on detected concentrations in cosmetic products, including cumulative health risks from the simultaneous presence of multiple UV filters within the same product. In the second phase of the research, an optimized sample preparation technique and an LC/MS-MS method were applied, achieving a detection limit between 0.1 and 5 μg/L and a relative standard deviation under 19%. This method was employed to quantify 11 UV filters in Sava Lake (Ada Ciganlija). Findings suggested that the presence, distribution, and potential ecological and health risks of UV filters were closely linked to recreational activities at the lake.

UV filteri, zagađenje vode, kozmetički preparati, tečna hromatografija-tandem masena spektrometrija, ekstrakcija na čvrstoj fazi, disperzivna tečno-tečne ekstrakcija, Derindžerova funkcija poželjnosti, Boks-Benken dizajn, Plaket-Burman dizajn, procena zdravstvenog rizika

UV filters, water pollution, cosmetic products, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, solid-phase extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Derringer desirability function, Box-Behnken design, Plackett-Burman design, health risk assessment

66.085.3:614.8.086.54:502(043.3)

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