Comparative analysis of polyphenol composition, antioxidative and antimicrobial activity of bee pollen and bee pollen - honey mixtures

[M. Mosić]

105 str.

Hemija - Analitička hemija / Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry

Cilj ove disertacije bio je definisanje specifičnog polifenolnog profila, njegovog uticaja na biološku aktivnost i vezu sa biljnim poreklom pčelinjeg polena i mešavina polena sa monofloralnim i polifloralnim medom. Primenom analitičkih tehnika u kombinaciji sa hemometrijskim metodama razvijene su pouzdane analitičke procedure za procenu autentičnosti pčelinjeg polena i preparata na bazi mešavina polena i meda s obzirom da za njih ne postoje definisani parametri kvaliteta. Primenom sistema ultraefikasne tečne hromatografije (Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography, UPLC) u kombinaciji sa hibridnim masenim spektrometrom visoke rezolucije, identifikovano je 27 jedinjenja iz klase glikozilovanih flavonoida, pri čemu je njih osam detektovano po prvi put u pčelinjem polenu. Uporedno spektrofotometrijsko određivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti i ukupnog sadržaja fenola u medu, pčelinjem polenu i mešavinama, pokazalo je da pčelinji polen, kao dodatak, značajno poboljšava biološka svojstva meda. Takođe je određena i antibakterijska aktivnost svih uzoraka, difuzionom metodom u bunarićima, u odnosu na tri Gram-pozitivna i pet Gram-negativnih sojeva bakterija. U okviru ove disertacije je, za procenu autentičnosti ispitivanih uzoraka na osnovu karakterističnih polifenolnih profila, razvijena i po prvi put primenjena metoda visokoefikasne tankoslojne hromatografije (High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, HPTLC). U uslovima normalno-fazne HPTLC u kombinaciji sa analizom slike hromatograma i multivarijantnim statističkim metodama, postignuto je grupisanje uzoraka pčelinjeg polena u odnosu na biljno poreklo, dok su uzorci mešavina meda i polena bili grupisani u odnosu na različit sadržaj pčelinjeg polena. Metodom reverzno-fazne HPTLC, po prvi put primenjenom u analizi pčelinjih proizvoda, određen je profil monofloralnog i polifloralnog meda obogaćenog pčelinjim polenom.

The aim of this dissertation was to define the specific polyphenolic profile, its influence on biological activity and the connection with the plant origin of bee pollen and pollen mixtures with monofloral and polyfloral honey. By applying analytical techniques in combination with chemometric methods, reliable analytical procedures were developed for assessing the authenticity of bee pollen and preparations based on bee pollen-honey mixtures, given that there are no defined quality parameters for them. Using an Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) system in combination with a high-resolution hybrid mass spectrometer, 27 compounds from the class of glycosylated flavonoids were identified, eight of which were detected for the first time in bee pollen. Comparative spectrophotometric determination of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in honey, bee pollen and mixtures showed that bee pollen, as an additive, significantly improves the biological properties of honey. The antibacterial activity of all samples was also determined, using the well diffusion method, in relation to three Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacterial strains. As part of this dissertation, for the assessment of the authenticity of the tested samples based on characteristic polyphenolic profiles, the High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and applied for the first time. Under the conditions of normal-phase HPTLC combined with chromatogram image analysis and multivariate analysis methods, grouping of bee-pollen samples in relation to plant origin was achieved, while samples of honey and pollen mixtures were grouped in relation to different content of bee pollen. The reversed-phase HPTLC method, applied for the first time in the analysis of bee products, was used to profile monofloral and polyfloral honey enriched with bee-pollen.

pčelinji polen, med, mešavine polena i meda, polifenoli, antioksidativna aktivnost, antibakterijska aktivnost, HPTLC, UPLC, multivarijantna analiza

bee-pollen, honey, polyphenols, bee pollen-honey mixtures, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, HPTLC, UPLC, multivariate analysis

547.565:638.1(043.3)

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