Title
Forensic taphonomy of mass graves - importance of quantifying skeletal remains fragmentation
Creator
Vaduvesković, Igor, 1980-
CONOR:
125265417
Copyright date
2024
Object Links
Select license
Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno-Bez prerade 3.0 Srbija (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)
License description
Dozvoljavate samo preuzimanje i distribuciju dela, ako/dok se pravilno naznačava ime autora, bez ikakvih promena dela i bez prava komercijalnog korišćenja dela. Ova licenca je najstroža CC licenca. Osnovni opis Licence: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/deed.sr_LATN. Sadržaj ugovora u celini: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/legalcode.sr-Latn
Language
Serbian
Cobiss-ID
Theses Type
Doktorska disertacija
description
Datum odbrane: 30.09.2024.
Other responsibilities
Academic Expertise
Medicinske nauke
University
Univerzitet u Beogradu
Faculty
Medicinski fakultet
Alternative title
Forenzička tafonomija masovnih grobnica - značaj kvantifikovanih fragmentovanosti skeletnih ostataka
Publisher
[I. Vaduvesković]
Format
45, [5] str.
description
Medicine - Skeletal biology - Forensic anthropology / Medicina - Biologija skeleta
- Forenzička antropologija
Abstract (en)
This study investigates the varying degrees of body fragmentation across 13 mass
grave sites, utilizing data from 10 commingled secondary mass grave sites and two primary
sites associated with the 1995 Bosnian war, along with one secondary mass grave site from
Serbia. The aim was to analyze differences in body fragmentation levels among mass graves,
particularly focusing on variation between mass graves of similar origin and taphonomy.
To assess the degree of fragmentation and commingling within each grave, we
introduced a fragmentation index (FI) representing the ratio between the number of complete
bodies and the number of body parts from the same mass grave. Our findings revealed
significant variations in body fragmentation among different sites. Specifically, FI values for
secondary sites with similar formation histories ranged from 0.01 to 0.59 (with a maximum
value of 1), while the two primary sites exhibited values of 0.92 and 0.90, respectively.
The differing levels of fragmentation among similar secondary sites suggest potential
differences in peri-mortem circumstances for the deceased. Consequently, we explored
whether the "body fragmentation index" could help in understanding the manner of death.
Remarkably high levels of body fragmentation (FI values below 0.1) observed in some
secondary sites may indicate that body disarticulation was likely caused peri-mortem by
explosives, landmines, mortars, or tank fire, all indicative of a combat scenario.
Moreover, we examined how the FI affected the accuracy of estimating the minimum
number of individuals (MNI) by evaluating MNI error. This entailed comparing MNI
estimates for different sites with DNA identification results from the same sites and
correlating that error with FI. Our results demonstrated a strong negative correlation
between FI and MNI error.
Abstract (sr)
Ova studija analizira različite stepene fragmentiranosti tela između 13 masovnih
grobnica od kojih su dve primarno, a 11 sekundarno ukopane. Jedna sekundarna masovna
grobnica je iz Srbije dok su ostale povezane sa ratom u Bosni 1995. Godine. Cilj istraživanja
jeste kvantifikacija i analiza razlika u nivoima fragmentacije tela između masovnih grobnica
sa posebnim fokusom na razlike između masovnih grobnica sličnog porekla i tafonomije.
Da bismo utvrdili stepen fragmentacije i dezartikulacije kostiju unutar svake
grobnice, uveli smo indeks fragmentacije (FI), koji predstavlja odnos između broja celih tela i
broja delova tela iz iste masovne grobnice. Naši su nalazi otkrili značajne varijacije u
fragmentaciji tela među različitim masovnim grobnicama. Konkretno, vrednosti FI za
sekundarne lokacije sa sličnim uslovima formiranja bile su od 0,01 do 0,59 (sa maksimalnom
vrednošću od 1), dok su za dve primarne lokacije vrednosti IF iznosile 0,92 i 0,90.
Različiti nivoi fragmentacije među sličnim sekundarnim masovnim grobnicama
sugerišu na moguće razlike u peri-mortem okolnostima preminulih. Stoga smo istražili da
li indeks fragmentacije tela može pomoći u razumevanju načina smrti ljudi sahranjenih u
analiziranim masovnim grobnicama. Veće fragmentacije tela na pojedinim sekundarnim
masovnim grobnicama (vrednosti FI ispod 0,1) ukazuju da je disartikulacija tela verovatno
izazvana peri-mortem eksplozivima, minama, minobacačima ili vatrom iz tenkova, što
može da ukaže na ratne okolnosti.
Osim toga, ispitali smo kako FI utiče na tačnost procene minimalnog broja osoba
(eng. minimum number of individuals – MNI). To je podrazumevalo upoređivanje procena
MNI za različite masovnie grobnice sa rezultatima identifikacije DNK iz istih grobnica i
koreliranje te MNI greške sa FI. Naši rezultati su pokazali snažnu negativnu korelaciju
između FI i greške u proceni MNI.
Authors Key words
mass graves, taphonomy, fragmentation, peri mortem circumstances, MNI error
Authors Key words
masovne grobnice, tafonomija, fragmentacija, peri mortem okolnosti, MNI greška
Classification
572.71/.781:343.983.2(043.3)
61:340.6(043.3)
Type
Tekst
Abstract (en)
This study investigates the varying degrees of body fragmentation across 13 mass
grave sites, utilizing data from 10 commingled secondary mass grave sites and two primary
sites associated with the 1995 Bosnian war, along with one secondary mass grave site from
Serbia. The aim was to analyze differences in body fragmentation levels among mass graves,
particularly focusing on variation between mass graves of similar origin and taphonomy.
To assess the degree of fragmentation and commingling within each grave, we
introduced a fragmentation index (FI) representing the ratio between the number of complete
bodies and the number of body parts from the same mass grave. Our findings revealed
significant variations in body fragmentation among different sites. Specifically, FI values for
secondary sites with similar formation histories ranged from 0.01 to 0.59 (with a maximum
value of 1), while the two primary sites exhibited values of 0.92 and 0.90, respectively.
The differing levels of fragmentation among similar secondary sites suggest potential
differences in peri-mortem circumstances for the deceased. Consequently, we explored
whether the "body fragmentation index" could help in understanding the manner of death.
Remarkably high levels of body fragmentation (FI values below 0.1) observed in some
secondary sites may indicate that body disarticulation was likely caused peri-mortem by
explosives, landmines, mortars, or tank fire, all indicative of a combat scenario.
Moreover, we examined how the FI affected the accuracy of estimating the minimum
number of individuals (MNI) by evaluating MNI error. This entailed comparing MNI
estimates for different sites with DNA identification results from the same sites and
correlating that error with FI. Our results demonstrated a strong negative correlation
between FI and MNI error.
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