Formative and semantic analysis of gerunds in modern Turkish language Формально - сематический анализ герундиев в современном турецком язьке

[M. Ranđelović]

145 str.

Lingvistika - Turkologija / Linguistics - Turkology

Predmet istraživanja u ovom radu su gerundi u savremenom turskom jeziku i to njihove tvorbene i semantičke karakteristike, što podrazumeva njihove osnovne oblike, ali i njihovo spajanje sa drugim vrstama reči, odnosno nastavaka i prikaz širokog spectra značenja koje nose, sa osvrtom na funkciju i ulogu koju u različitim oblicima imaju u rečenici. Gerundi imaju široku primenu u savremenom turskom jeziku. Stoga jezik obiluje primerima njihove upotrebe, kako u govornom tako i u književnom jeziku. Poseban njihov deo čine ukalupljeni izrazi, ali i ukalupljene forme koje beleže rečnici turskog jezika. S obzirom na to da turski spada u aglutinativne jezike, u radu će biti utvrđeni sufiksi za građenje gerunda, kao i gerundi koji se od uobičajenih formi izdvajaju svojim karakteristikama, što u tvorbenom što u semantičkom pogledu. Ova vrsta reči, zbog veoma bogate tvorbene strukture, ali i mnogo različitih značenja, predstavlja značajan prevodilački izazov. Detaljnom tvorbenom i semantičkom analizom potrebno je ukazati na njihove osnovne ali i sastavljene oblike, da pored priloške (koja je najzastupljenija) imaju i drugih funkcija, poput vezničke, kao i da se sreću u velikom broju frazeoloških izraza. Osnovni cilj ovog rada je da se utvrde sve karakteristike gerunda u savremenom turskom jeziku i da se njihova upotreba potkrepi adekvatnim primerima iz pisanih i usmenih izvora. Jezički korpus na kome će se raditi istraživanje obuhvata građu iz, pre svega, književnih dela savremene turske književnosti, ali i govorog jezika. Budući da su gerundi u turskom jeziku izuzetno zastupljeni, cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na njihova različita značenja i funkcije. U tom pogledu, njihova vodeća funkcija je priloška a potom i veznička.

The research subject of this paper are gerunds in the modern Turkish language, namely their formative and semantic characteristics, which implies their basic forms, but also their combination with other types of words, i.e., suffixes, and a presentation of the broad spectrum of meanings they carry, with a focus on the function and role they have in different forms in the sentence. Gerunds have a wide application in modern Turkish. Therefore, the language abounds with examples of their use, both in the spoken and literary language. A special part of them includes molded expressions, but also molded forms recorded in dictionaries of the Turkish language. Since Turkish belongs to agglutinative languages, the paper will determine the suffixes for building gerunds, as well as gerunds that stand out from the usual forms due to their characteristics, both in terms of formation and semantics. This type of word, due to its very rich compositional structure, but also due to many different meanings, represents a significant translation challenge. Through a detailed formative and semantic analysis, it is necessary to point out their basic and compound forms, that in addition to the adverbial (which is the most common) they also have other functions, such as conjunctions, as well as that they are found in a large number of phraseological expressions. The main goal of this paper is to determine all the characteristics of gerunds in the modern Turkish language and to support their use with adequate examples of both written and oral sources. The linguistic corpus on which the research will be conducted includes material from, above all, literary works of contemporary Turkish literature, but also from the spoken language. Since gerunds are extremely common in the Turkish language, the aim of this paper is to point out their different meanings and functions. In this regard, their leading function is adverbial and then conjunctive.

gerundi, turski jezik, tvorba, semantika

gerunds, Turkish language, formation, semantics

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