Research on the development of ecology and geography of plants in Southslavic lands between 1759. and 1988. : a bibliometric study

Proučavanje razvoja fitoekologije i fitogeografije u jugoslovenskim zеmlјаmа u periodu 1759-1988 : bibliometrijska studija

[S. Filipi Matutinović]

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Fitoekologija / Phytoecology

Ova disertacija predstavlja pokušaj analize informacionih masiva, kao odraza strukture nauke, primenom naukometrijskih, posebno bibliometrijskih, metoda. Prva istraživanja iz fitoekologije i fitogeografije vršili su uglavnom stranci. U drugoj polovini 19. veka osnivaju se prve domaće naučnoistraživačke institucije. Između dva svetska rata dolazi do njihovog jačanja, a posle Drugog svetskog rata do naglog širenja mreže institucija i udesetostručenja broja istraživača. Sedamdesetih godina 20. veka rast se usporava, a krajem osamdesetih dolazi do opadanja. Osnovu za bibliometrijsku studiju činila je bibliografija o ekologiji, rasprostranjenju i zaštiti flore i vegetacije u jugoslovenskim zemljama 1759-1988, koja je urađena kao prilog uz ovu disertaciju. Ona obuhvata 391 monografsku publikaciju, 226 doktorskih disertacjia i 6.012 članaka iz časopisa i zbornika. Analizirana je vremenska raspodela bibliografskih jedinica, tematska i jezička struktura bibliografije, raspodela autora i časopisa po produktivnosti i uključenost časopisa u svetski sistem protoka informacija. Utvrđeno je da je: moguće izdvojiti 3 osnovna perioda razvoja; razvoj posmatranih disciplina pratio je razvoj u svetu; 17% radova je objavljeno na stranim jezicima, a 53% članaka ima sažetke na svetskim jezicima; preko 50%članaka objavljenih 1980-1988. nalazili su se u časopisima koji su uključeni u svetske baze podataka za odgovarajuće oblasti. Bibliografija sadrži radove 1.859 autora, čija se raspodela po produktivnosti ponaša po bibliometrijskim zakonima, a parametar rasopodele, koji je i osnovni pokazatelj strukture posmatranog sistema, iznosi 0,67. Bibliografijom je obuhvaćeno 5.863 članaka iz 556 časopisa, čija se raspodela po časopisima ponašala po bibliometrijskim zakonima, a parametar raspodele iznosi 0,49. Vrednosti parametra raspodele manje od 1 ukazuju na negausovsku Cipfovu raspodelu sa jako izraženom stratifikacijom i povećanim udelom visokoproduktivnih nosilaca posmatranih pojava, što je karakteristično za razvoj nauke u nepovoljnim uslovima. Činjenica da je od 150 godina, koliko traje redovno objavljivanje naučnih rezultata iz posmatranih oblasti, 40 godina bilo sa eksponencijalnim rastom, 40 godina sa trendom opadanja, a 70 godina je proteklo u povratku na nivo pre početka negativnog trenda, najbolje ukazuje na suštinu problema razvoja nauke na ovim prostorima.

This dissertation is an attempt to present the massifs of information, which reflect the structure of science, bу using scientometric and specially bibliometric methods. First researches on plant ecology and geography were done mostly by foreigners. the first southslavonic scientific institutions were founded in the second half of 19th the century. Between the world wars the institutions grew, after the second world war the network of scientific institutions spread fast, and the number of researchers was ten times multiplied. In the seventies of the 20th century the growth was slowing down, and in the eighties the falling started. Basis for this bibliometric study was the Bibliography of ecology, dispersion and protection of flora and vegetation in southslavonic lands 1759-1988, which was compiled as an appendix to this dissertation. It includes 391 monographs, 226 doctoral dissertations and 6.012 articles from journals and collections. Temporal distribution of publications, thematic and linguistic structure of the bibliography, dispersion of authors and journals according to productivity and presence of journals in world system of scientific information are analyzed. It is established that: it is possible to divide the development in three basic periods; development of those disciplines followed the development in the world; 17% of papers were published in foreign languages and 53% of articles had summaries in foreign languages; more then 50% of articles published between 1980. and 1988. were in journals included in world databases for adequate disciplines. Bibliography includes papers of 1.859 authors, whose productivity is dispersed in accordance with bibliometric laws. Numeric value of bibliometric parameter, which is the indicator for the structure of examined system of science, was 0,67. Bibliography included 5.863 articles from 556 journals, whose dispersion was in accordance with bibliometric laws, with parameter of dispersion 0,49. Parameter values less then 1 indicate that the dispersion is nongaussian, Zipfs, with highly expressed stratification and with greater part of highly productive sources. That is the characteristic for the development of science in unpleasant environment. The fact that in period of 150 years of continual publishing of scientific results in plant ecology and geography 40 years had exponential growth of the number of publications, 40 years had falling, and 70 years passed in reaching the level before negative trend started, is the best indicator of the essential problems for the development of science in this part of the world.

fitoekologija, fitogeografija, istorija, bibliometrija, Jugoslavija

ecology, geography, plants, history, bibliometry, Jugoslavija

581.5:581.9+001.8](497.1)"1759/1988"(043.3)

Fitoekologija, fitogeografija, botanika