Strawson's conception of moral responsibility and the moral community

[M. Š. Budić]

103 str.

Filozofija - Etika / Philosophy - Ethics

Predmet ove disertacije jeste koncepcija moralne odgovornosti koju je razvio Piter Strosn u svom eseju Sloboda i ogorčenost. Strosn moralnu odgovornost shvata kao podložnost reaktivnim stavovima koji predstavljaju reakcije na nečiji postupak. Reaktivni stavovi prirodno proizilaze iz našeg članstva u moralnoj zajednici – skupu pojedinaca koji prepoznaju jedni druge kao moralne delatnike. Cilj disertacije jeste istražiti Strosnovu koncepciju moralne odgovornosti. Prvi cilj jeste utvrditi da li je moralna odgovornost, interpretirana na način na koji je Strosn shvata, suštinski intersubjektivnog karaktera. Takođe ispitujem na koji način je pojam moralne odgovornosti povezan sa pojmom moralne zajednice i odgovaram na kritike upućene Strosnovom stanovištu. Drugi cilj jeste ispitati da li se, u okviru Strosnove koncepcije, može govoriti o moralnoj odgovornosti prema životinjama, biljkama i sistemima veštačke inteligencije. Zaključci su sledeći. Prema Strosnovoj koncepciji moralne odgovornosti, moralna odgovornost jeste intersubjektivne prirode i nužno je povezana sa moralnom zajednicom. To znači da se pojam moralne odgovornosti ne može sasvim razumeti bez pozivanja na moralnu zajednicu. Stoga se slogan, stav koji glasi: bez moralne zajednice ne može postojati moralna odgovornost, može pripisati Strosnu. Kada je reč o sistemima veštačke inteligencije (AI) i njihovom članstvu u moralnoj zajednici situacija je složena. S obzirom na distinkciju između tri tipa sistema veštačke inteligencije – slabe AI, jake AI, i veštačke opšte inteligencije, zaključak glasi: sistemi veštačke inteligencije u ovoj fazi razvoja – slaba AI ne može činiti moralnu zajednicu. Veštačka opšta inteligencija bi se najverovatnije mogla smatrati još jednim primerom izuzetka iz moralne zajednice

The topic of this dissertation is the concept of moral responsibility developed by Peter Strawson in his essay Freedom and Resentment. Strawson understands moral responsibility as susceptibility to reactive attitudes that represent reactions to one's actions. Reactive attitudes arise naturally from our membership in a moral community—a collection of individuals who recognize each other as moral agents. The dissertation aims to investigate Strawson's conception of moral responsibility. The first goal is determining whether moral responsibility, interpreted as Strawson understands it, is essentially intersubjective. I also examine how the concept of moral responsibility is connected to the concept of moral community and respond to criticisms directed at Strawson's point of view. The second goal is to examine whether, within Strawson's conception, one can talk about moral responsibility towards animals, plants, and artificial intelligence systems. The conclusions are as follows. According to Strawson's conception of moral responsibility, moral responsibility is intersubjective and is necessarily connected to the moral community. This means that the notion of moral responsibility cannot be fully understood without reference to the moral community. Therefore, the slogan, the position that reads: without a moral community, there can be no moral responsibility, can be attributed to Strawson. The situation is complex when it comes to artificial intelligence (AI) systems and their membership in the moral community. Considering the distinction between three types of artificial intelligence systems – weak AI, strong AI, and artificial general intelligence, the conclusion is that artificial intelligence systems at this stage of development - weak AI cannot form a moral community. Artificial general intelligence could mos

moralna odgovornost, moralna zajednica, Piter Frederik Strosn, reaktivni stavovi, autoreaktivni stavovi, slogan, podložnost odgovornosti, veštačka inteligencija

moral responsibility, moral community, Peter Frederick Strawson, reactive attitudes, self-reactive attitudes, slogan, accountability, artificial intelligence

17(043.3) 14 Strawson P. F.

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