Evaluation of the modified 505 test for assessing reaction time, starting acceleration and change of direction

[A. R. Živković]

77 str.

Nauke o fizičkom vaspitanju i sportu - Opšta motorika čoveka / Sciences of physical education and sports - Human general motor skills

Na osnovu analiziranih dosadašnjih rezultata istraživanja na temu pojedinačnih i objedinjenih testiranja vremena reakcije na svetlosni signal, startnog ubrzanja i sposobnosti promene pravca kretanja u sportu, uočava se prostor za novo istraživanje i unapređenje trenažne i istraživačke prakse. Naime, iako su dokazano pouzdani i validni, testovi reakcije na svetlosni signal, sprinta na 5m i 10m, kao i standardni 505 test do sada su mereni uglavnom pojedinačno, povećavajući time vreme testiranja i rizik od povrede. S tim u vezi, glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je procena metrijskih karakteristika novog modifikovanog 505 testa za procenu vremena reakcije na svetlosni signal, startnog ubrzanja i brzine promene pravca. U ukupno 2 eksperimenta, angažovano je 57 ispitanika muškog pola (27+30). U prvom eksperimentu sprovedene su 4 odvojene sesije kako bi se testirale pouzdanost i validnost modifikovanog 505 testa u odnosu na standardni 505 test i test trčanja na 10m. U drugom eksperimentu, u 2 sesije, ispitala se osetljivost modifikovanog 505 testa da uoči razlike između različitog nivoa treniranosti ispitanika. Pokazatelji pouzdanosti rezultirali su visokom pouzdanošću, sa vrednostima interklasnog korelacionog koeficijenta preko 0.7 do čak 0.9, sa niskim koeficijentom varijacije < 10%. Što se tiče validnosti, rezultati sprinta na 5 i 10m pokazali su umerenu do visoku (r > 0.5 < 0.8) i statistički značajnu povezanost (p < 0.01) kada se procenjuju u odvojenom testu i kao deo 505 testa. Osim toga, iste varijable visoko koreliraju i između dve varijante 505 testa (sa i bez vremena reakcije). Nešto niže vrednosti pouzdanosti i validnosti uočene su jedino kod indeksa simetrije. Ispitivanje osetljivosti modifikovanih 505 testova sa i bez vremena reakcije na svetlosni signal pokazalo je da su varijable dobijene iz ovih modifikovanih testova dovoljno osetljive da uoče razlike između dve grupe ispitanika različitog nivoa treniranosti. Modifikovani 505 testovi sa i bez vremena reakcije na svetlosni signal pokazali su se kao pouzdani, validni i osetljivi, te mogu da pruže sveobuhvatno rešenje za procenu dimenzija fizičkih i kognitivnih sposobnosti sportista. Integracijom ubrzanja, promene pravca kretanja i vremena reakcije u jedinstveni protokol, ovi testovi premošćuju jaz između kontrolisanih laboratorijskih uslova i nepredvidivih zahteva u realnim sportskim situacijama, smanjujući vreme potrebno za testiranje, a time i rizik od povreda.

Based on the analysed previous research results on the topic of individual and unified testing of light signal reaction time, starting acceleration and the ability to change the direction of movement in sports, there is room for new research and improvement of training and research practice. Namely, although they have been proven reliable and valid, the tests of reaction to a light signal, 5m and 10m sprint, as well as the standard 505 test, were measured mostly individually, thus increasing the testing time and the risk of injury. In this regard, the primary objective of this research is to assess the metric characteristics of the modified 505 test, specifically its ability to evaluate reaction time to a light signal, starting acceleration, and direction change quickness. In two experiments, a total of 57 male subjects (n = 27 + 30) were recruited. In the first experiment, four separate sessions were conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the modified 505 test in comparison to the standard 505 test and the 10m run test. In the second experiment, conducted over two sessions, the sensitivity of the modified 505 test in detecting differences between subjects at varying training levels was examined. Reliability indicators demonstrated high reliability, with values of the interclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.7 to 0.9, and a low variation coefficient of less than 10%. In terms of validity, the 5 and 10m sprint scores showed a moderate to high (r > 0.5 < 0.8) and statistically significant association (p < 0.01) when evaluated in a separate test and as part of the 505 test. Additionally, the same variables are highly correlated between the two variants of the 505 test, with and without reaction time. Somewhat lower values of reliability and validity were observed only with the index of symmetry. Examination of the sensitivity of the modified 505 tests, with and without light signal reaction time, revealed that the variables obtained from these modified tests were sufficiently sensitive to detect differences between two groups of subjects with varying training levels. Modified 505 tests, with and without reaction time to a light signal, have been demonstrated to be reliable, valid, and sensitive, providing a comprehensive solution for assessing the dimensions of physical and cognitive abilities in athletes. By integrating acceleration, directional change, and reaction time into a single protocol, these tests bridge the gap between controlled laboratory conditions and the unpredictable demands of real situations in sports, thereby reducing testing time and the risk of injury.

Agilnost, 505 test, Motoričke sposobnosti, Sprint, Brzina, Motorički testovi, Sport

Agility, 505 test, Motor skills, Sprint, Speed, Motor tests, Sport

796.012.1(043.3)

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